Iav Clogifiers yog cov feem ntau siv cov kev siv cov khoom raw hauv cov iav ntau lawm. Txhua cov ntaub ntawv raw uas tuaj yeem decompose (roj av) thaum lub tshuab tawg ntawm cov kua dej los ua kua rau hauv cov kua iav yog hu ua ib qho yooj yim. Raws li cov tshuab ntawm cov pa piav qhia iav, nws tuaj yeem faib ua: Oxygen clarification (feem ntau paub meej li: haxogen meej) thiab composite hais meej ( Feem ntau paub txog: compound piav qhia).
1. Oxide Clarifier
Oxide Clarfiers feem ntau suav nrog dawb arsenic, anties oxide, sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, thiab cerium oxide.
1. Dawb arsenic
Dawb Arsenic, tseem hu ua arsenous anhydride, yog ib qho siv cov neeg muaj kuab sib npaug nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo heev. Nws yog feem ntau hu ua "hais meej" hauv kev lag luam iav. Tab sis cov arsenix dawb yuav tsum tau siv ua ke nrog nitrate kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Dawb arsenic yog me ntsis soluble hauv dej txias thiab yooj yim soluble hauv dej kub. Nws yog muaj kuab heev. Nws yog cov hmoov dawb dawb lossis cov khoom siv iav amorphous. Raws li bropproduct ntawm kub smelting, arsenic grey feem ntau grey, grey lossis grey-dub. Nws yog feem ntau siv raws li tus neeg sawv cev kom meej. arsenic. Thaum tus dawb arsenic yog rhuab rau ntau dua 400 degrees, nws yuav tsim arsenic pentoxide nrog cov pa tawm los ntawm qhov kub. Thaum rhuab rau 1300 degrees, lub arsenic pentoxide yuav decomose los tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua ke, uas txo cov roj hauv cov iav npuas. Nws yog conducive rau kev loj hlob ntawm npuas thiab nrawm nrawm ntawm kev tshem tawm ntawm npuas, thiaj li ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev piav meej.
Tus nqi ntawm cov arsenic dawb yog feem ntau 0.2% -0.6% ntawm cov nyiaj tsis tau yog muaj 4-8 zaug tus nqi ntawm arsenic dawb. Kev siv ntau dhau ntawm cov arsenic tsis yog tsuas yog nce cov khoom siv volatilization, tab sis kuj tau ua kom muaj kev ua rau ib puag ncig thiab muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg lub cev. 0.06 grams dawb arsenic tuaj yeem ua rau kev tuag. Yog li ntawd, thaum siv cov arsenic dawb, tus neeg tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau muab rau kom nws thiaj li tiv thaiv kev lom. Lub iav nrog cov artsenic dawb raws li qhov yooj yim tus neeg sawv cev yog qhov yooj yim los txo thiab blacken lub teeb thaum lub teeb, yog li dawb arsenic yuav tsum tau siv tsawg dua los yog tsis nyob rau hauv lub teeb iav.
2. Ant Suab Xim Oxide
Qhov kev piav qhia meej ntawm cov neeg pleev cov tshuaj pleev ib yam yog zoo ib yam li ntawm cov neeg dawb arsenic, thiab nws kuj yuav tsum tau siv ua ke nrog nitrate. Qhov kev piav qhia thiab kev tshem tawm kub ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj pleev ib sab oxide yog qis dua li ntawm cov neeg dawb arsenic, yog tias antis oxide feem ntau siv los ua kom pom tseeb tus neeg sawv cev thaum lub ntsej muag txhuas pom. Nyob rau hauv cov dej qab zib kua txob silicate
3. Nitrate
Nitrate ib leeg tsis tshua siv raws li tus neeg sawv cev kom pom tseeb hauv iav, thiab nws feem ntau yog siv los ua cov pa oxygen ua ke nrog vality valence oxides.
4. Cerium dioxide
Cerium dioxide muaj qhov ntsuas kub siab dua thiab yog ib tus neeg sawv cev zoo dua, uas tau siv dav ua cov khoom siv raw. Thaum siv raws li ib tug neeg sawv cev kom meej, nws tsis tas yuav ua ke nrog nitrate, thiab nws tuaj yeem tso oxygen los ntawm qhov kub kom ceev kom pom meej. Txhawm rau txo tus nqi, nws feem ntau siv hauv kev sib xyaw nrog sulfate hauv kev tsim cov iav khoom kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo.
2. Sulfate clmifier
Cov sulfates siv nyob rau hauv lub khob yog tsuas sodium sulfate, sam thiaj sulfate, calcium sulfate, thiab sulfate nrog cov neeg sawv cev kub siab. Thaum sulfate yog siv los ua tus sawv cev kom meej, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv nws ua ke nrog tus neeg sawv cev rau kev tiv thaiv sulfate los ntawm decompate ntawm tsawg kub. Sulfate feem ntau siv hauv lub raj mis iav thiab iav iav, thiab nws cov tshuaj, thiab nws tau muab 1.0% -1.5% ntawm cov pob.
3. Halide tus sawv cev kom meej
Feem ntau suav nrog fluoride, sodium chloride, ammonium chloride thiab lwm yam. Cov tshuaj fluoride yog feem ntau fluorite thiab sodium fluorosilicate. Tus nqi fluorite siv raws li tus neeg sawv cev kom pom tseeb feem ntau suav raws li 0.5% fluorine qhia rau hauv cov pob. Cov tshuaj ntau ntawm sodium fluorosilate yog 0.4% -0.6% ntawm cov nyiaj ntawm sodium oxide hauv lub khob. Thaum lub sij hawm melting fluoride, ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj fluorine yuav tsim cov tshuaj fluoride hydrogide, silicon fluoride, thiab sodium fluoride. Nws cov kuab lom yog ntau dua li ntawm cov sulfur dioxide. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov cua yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thaum siv nws. Lub vaporization thiab volatilization ntawm sodium chloride ntawm qhov kub tau txhawb kom paub meej ntawm cov kua iav. Cov tshuaj ntau yog 1.3% -3.5% ntawm cov khoom siv batch. Ntau dhau yuav emulsify lub iav. Nws feem ntau yog siv los ua kom meej rau boron-muaj iav.
Plaub, compound clarier
Cov lus qhia yooj yim tsuas yog siv peb qhov kev qhia tawm ntawm cov pa, thiab ua kom tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm peb, thiab ua kom tiav cov txiaj ntsig muaj peev xwm. Nws yog ib qho kev qhia meej. Tus neeg sawv cev yog qhov tsis sib xws. Raws li kev txhim kho theem, muaj: thawj tiam ntawm cov ntsiab lus meej, lub cim thib ob ntawm cov ntsiab lus meej thiab lub cim ntawm kev sib xyaw cov lus qhia meej. Lub cim thib peb kuj tau hu ua cov lus piav qhia meej ntxiv ntawm ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg zoo closite, uas yog xim ntsuab thiab ib puag ncig phooj ywg. Paub txog nws kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm, nws yog txoj kev txhim kho yav tom ntej ntawm kev ua tiav tus neeg sawv cev ntawm kev ua tiav cov khoom lag luam iav. Qhov kev ntsuas tshuaj yog 0.4% -0.6% ntawm cov pob. Cov compound ClarIrier tau siv dav hauv lub raj mis iav, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (nruab nrab lub teeb, iav-iav-ceramics thiab lwm tsom iav. Khoom lag luam.
2. Sulfate clmifier
Cov sulfates siv nyob rau hauv lub khob yog tsuas sodium sulfate, sam thiaj sulfate, calcium sulfate, thiab sulfate nrog cov neeg sawv cev kub siab. Thaum sulfate yog siv los ua tus sawv cev kom meej, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv nws ua ke nrog tus neeg sawv cev rau kev tiv thaiv sulfate los ntawm decompate ntawm tsawg kub. Sulfate feem ntau siv hauv lub raj mis iav thiab iav iav, thiab nws cov tshuaj, thiab nws tau muab 1.0% -1.5% ntawm cov pob.
3. Halide tus sawv cev kom meej
Feem ntau suav nrog fluoride, sodium chloride, ammonium chloride thiab lwm yam. Cov tshuaj fluoride yog feem ntau fluorite thiab sodium fluorosilicate. Tus nqi fluorite siv raws li tus neeg sawv cev kom pom tseeb feem ntau suav raws li 0.5% fluorine qhia rau hauv cov pob. Cov tshuaj ntau ntawm sodium fluorosilate yog 0.4% -0.6% ntawm cov nyiaj ntawm sodium oxide hauv lub khob. Thaum lub sij hawm melting fluoride, ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj fluorine yuav tsim cov tshuaj fluoride hydrogide, silicon fluoride, thiab sodium fluoride. Nws cov kuab lom yog ntau dua li ntawm cov sulfur dioxide. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov cua yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thaum siv nws. Lub vaporization thiab volatilization ntawm sodium chloride ntawm qhov kub tau txhawb kom paub meej ntawm cov kua iav. Cov tshuaj ntau yog 1.3% -3.5% ntawm cov khoom siv batch. Ntau dhau yuav emulsify lub iav. Nws feem ntau yog siv los ua kom meej rau boron-muaj iav.
Plaub, compound clarier
Cov lus qhia yooj yim tsuas yog siv peb qhov kev qhia tawm ntawm cov pa, thiab ua kom tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm peb, thiab ua kom tiav cov txiaj ntsig muaj peev xwm. Nws yog ib qho kev qhia meej. Tus neeg sawv cev yog qhov tsis sib xws. Raws li kev txhim kho theem, muaj: thawj tiam ntawm cov ntsiab lus meej, lub cim thib ob ntawm cov ntsiab lus meej thiab lub cim ntawm kev sib xyaw cov lus qhia meej. Lub cim thib peb kuj tau hu ua cov lus piav qhia meej ntxiv ntawm ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg zoo closite, uas yog xim ntsuab thiab ib puag ncig phooj ywg. Paub txog nws kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm, nws yog txoj kev txhim kho yav tom ntej ntawm kev ua tiav tus neeg sawv cev ntawm kev ua tiav cov khoom lag luam iav. Qhov kev ntsuas tshuaj yog 0.4% -0.6% ntawm cov pob. Cov compound ClarIrier tau siv dav hauv lub raj mis iav, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (nruab nrab lub teeb, iav-iav-ceramics thiab lwm tsom iav. Khoom lag luam.
Lub Sijhawm Post: Dec-06-2021